What is the role of industrial raw materials

[Knowledge of chemical raw materials] What is the role of chemical raw materials

There are many kinds of chemical raw materials and their uses are wide. There are five to seven million chemicals in the world, and more than 100,000 are in circulation. More than 1,000 new chemicals are produced every year, and 150 to 200 of them are considered carcinogens.

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What is the role of chemical raw materials

1. Organic chemical raw materials

Hydrocarbons, halogenated alcohols, ethers, phenols, quinones, aldehydes, ketones, esters, nitriles, organic acids, organic anhydrides

Amines and amides nitro heterocyclic compounds

Carbohydrates carboxylic acids and derivatives Other (organic chemicals)

2. Inorganic chemical raw materials

Elemental acids alkali inorganic salts oxide gas chemical minerals Other (Inorganic chemical industry)

3. Fine chemical industry

Intermediate pigment special chemical ink dye essence and fragrance

Solvents, reagents, adhesives, surfactants and additives

Food and feed additives Household chemicals Other (Fine chemicals)

4. Synthetic fibers

Polypropylene fiber polyester fiber functional fiber polyamide fiber polyvinyl chloride fiber polyacrylonitrile fiber other

5. Chemical fertilizers and pesticides

Nitrogen, phosphate, potassium, compound, biological and other fertilizers

Rodenticide fungicide herbicide

Insecticides acaricides plant growth regulators other pesticides

6, rubber

Rubber auxiliary rubber auxiliary natural rubber ethylene propylene rubber

Fluorine rubber silicone rubber rubber machinery equipment chlorine ether rubber

Styrene butadiene rubber, butadiene rubber, neoprene rubber, nitrile butadiene rubber

Butyl rubber polyurethane rubber latex polysulfide rubber rubber products

Other (rubber)

Chemical machinery and equipment

Pressure vessel refrigeration equipment reactor storage transportation equipment conveying equipment

Pipe fittings, valves, drying equipment, experimental equipment, heat transfer equipment, mass transfer equipment, molding equipment, crushing equipment, mixing equipment, separation equipment

Packaging equipment auxiliary equipment environmental protection equipment instrumentation

Special equipment for plastics industry Special equipment for rubber industry Other equipment

7, coating

Coating auxilaries pigment fillers solvent for dye coatings

Raw materials for resin construction coatings automotive coatings Marine coatings

Decorative coatings Furniture coatings Industrial coatings PU coatings

Anti-corrosion coatings general coatings Special coatings coating machinery equipment

Coating of other

Plastic and resin polyurethane

Additives polyolefin polyvinyl chloride PVC ABS

Acrylic resin thermoplastic engineering plastics fluorine plastic nylon

Phenolic resin amine resin epoxy resin polycarbonate PC

Unsaturated resin silicone polymer ion exchange resin

Plastic products Plastic machinery equipment other plastics

Classification of chemical raw materials

1. Chemical raw materials can be generally divided into organic chemical raw materials and inorganic chemical raw materials according to their source.

(1) Organic chemical raw materials

It can be divided into alkanes and their derivatives, alkenes and their derivatives, alkynes and their derivatives, quinones, aldehydes, alcohols, ketones, phenols, ethers, anhydrides, esters, organic acids, carboxylate, carbohydrates, heterocyclic, nitrile, halogenated, aminoyl, etc.

(2) inorganic chemical raw materials

Inorganic chemical products are the main raw materials containing sulfur, sodium, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and other chemical minerals (see inorganic salt industry) and coal, oil, natural gas and air, water and so on. In addition, the by-products and wastes of many industrial sectors are also raw materials of inorganic chemical industry, such as coke oven gas in the process of coking production in the iron and steel industry. The ammonia contained in the coke oven gas can be recycled into ammonium sulfate with sulfuric acid, and the sulfur dioxide in the smelting waste gas of chalcopyrite, galena and sphalerite can be used to produce sulfuric acid.

2. According to the production process, it can be divided into starting raw materials, basic raw materials and intermediate raw materials.

(1) Starting material

Initial raw materials are the raw materials needed in the first step of chemical production, such as air, water, fossil fuels (i.e., coal, oil, natural gas, etc.), sea salt, various minerals, agricultural products (e.g., grain containing starch or wild plants, wood containing cellulose, bamboo, reed, straw, etc.).

(2) Basic raw materials

The base material is obtained by processing the starting material, such as calcium carbide and the various organic and inorganic materials listed above.

(3) intermediate raw materials

Intermediate raw materials, also known as intermediates, generally refer to the products produced from basic raw materials in complex organic chemical production, but they are not the final application products and need further processing. Examples include various organic compounds for the production of dyes, plastics and pharmaceuticals: methanol, acetone, vinyl chloride, etc.

Transportation of chemical raw materials

Dangerous goods are generally raw materials, intermediates and products in the chemical industry, and the selection of transportation methods is mainly based on the physical and chemical properties of related products. If a production, trade or logistics enterprise needs to transport dangerous goods, MSDS(Material Data Safety Table) of the product should be obtained first, and the product can be divided into three states: Solid liquid gas, solid state is usually only transported by railcar, gas is only stored by pressure cylinder or pressure tank, liquid products are transported flexibly, because it has a great relationship with temperature, there are the following options for its transportation: general barrel-loaded railcar transport with large viscosity or thermal insulation heating tank transport; Chemicals with viscosity close to water, low steam pressure and no corrosion are transported by ordinary atmospheric tank cars. Corroded products can be transported by stainless steel tankers.